Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in men and develops in the prostate, a small gland involved in the production of seminal fluid. It most commonly affects middle-aged and older men and often progresses slowly, without causing noticeable symptoms.

When symptoms do appear, they may include difficulty urinating, frequent urination, blood in the urine, and pronounced pain in the pelvic area.

The main methods for detecting prostate cancer include:

• PSA test (Prostate-Specific Antigen): measurement of the prostate-specific protein level in the blood.
• Digital rectal examination (DRE): palpation to detect prostate abnormalities.
• Biopsy: performed to confirm the final diagnosis.
• Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and MRI-guided biopsy: sometimes used to more accurately guide tissue sampling.

Treatment may involve surgery (prostatectomy), radiation therapy, hormone therapy, or chemotherapy. The choice of treatment depends on the patient’s age, overall health condition, as well as the stage and spread of the tumor.

Prostate cancer is treatable in its early stages. However, if left untreated, it can spread to the bones, lymph nodes, and other organs.