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Polycythemia Vera (PV) is a blood malignancy in which the bone marrow uncontrollably produces an excessive number of red blood cells (erythrocytes). White blood cells and platelets may also be elevated. This surplus of blood cells makes the blood thicker and more viscous, slowing circulation and increasing the risk of blood clots (thrombosis).
The symptoms of PV are often related to increased blood viscosity and may include headaches, dizziness, itching (particularly after a hot shower or bath), fatigue, and vision disturbances. Splenomegaly and gastrointestinal issues may also occur.
Statistics: PV is rare but represents the most common myeloproliferative neoplasm. It is most frequently diagnosed in individuals over the age of 60.
Heredity: PV is generally not inherited. In more than 90% of cases, the disease is caused by an acquired mutation in the JAK2 gene during a person’s lifetime.
