Multiple Myeloma

 Myeloma, also known as multiple myeloma, is a type of blood cancer that originates in the plasma cells of the bone marrow. In a healthy state, these plasma cells are responsible for producing antibodies that fight infections. In myeloma, these cells become abnormal and start multiplying uncontrollably, accumulating in the bone marrow and suppressing the production of other important blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets).

Myeloma can cause damage to the bones, leading to severe pain, fractures, and elevated calcium levels. Common symptoms include bone pain (especially in the spine or ribs), weakness, fatigue (due to anemia), and kidney problems. The disease generally progresses slowly, though in some cases it may advance rapidly.

Statistics: Myeloma is a relatively rare cancer, accounting for approximately 1–2% of all blood cancers. It is most commonly diagnosed in people over the age of 65, with an average age at diagnosis of around 70. The disease is slightly more prevalent in men than in women.

Heredity: Although myeloma is largely not hereditary, a small percentage of cases are associated with a family history of the disease. The risk is slightly higher in individuals who have a close relative (sibling or parent) diagnosed with myeloma.